Greece has more than sixteen pyramids spread all over. The oldest is the pyramid at Hellinikon, in the Argolid region. In fact, this pyramid is even older than the Pyramids of Egypt.

Pyramids, in Greece are usually smaller than the ones found in Egypt (some are sculpted pyramids) and they are in a rather poor state.

There is no clear evidence as to the use of pyramids in Greece in antiquity. Archaeologists believe that they are memorials or observation-communication towers (phryctoriums). During the later years of Antiquity, the ‘’Pyramid’’ was considered as a burial monument, a ‘’polyandrium’’, while nowadays there is no doubt that it was a fort of the type of small strong-holds which controlled the arterial roads and which are known from other regions of the Argolid.

Pausanias (2nd century A.D.) regards the structure as a “polyandrium” i.e. a group burial monument for the citizens of Argos (Perieg. Korinthiaka: 2, 25, 7).

In particular, for the pyramid at Hellenikon writes: “ ...walking on the road away from Argos towards Epidaurus there is a pyramid structure on our right, it is adorned with shields in the Argolic style...” and he continues to say that the pyramid was erected after the fratricidal battle between the twin brothers, Proetus and Akrisius, during a war of succession following the death of their father, king Avas of Argos. The battle ended in a deadlock and the pyramid was erected as a burial monument in honour of the fallen in this battle.

Pausanias also says that, in this battle, shields (aspides) were employed for the first time. This later remark by Pausanias is indicative of the great antiquity of the structure.

The pyramid at Hellenikon has the shape of a tour with its external sides sloping and surrounding a rectangular building of total dimensions 7,03 by 9,07 m. These external walls, which rise with a gradient of 60o up to 3,50 m high, become vertical to in order to support the floors of the building. The main entrance of the monument is situated at its eastern side that is the side which is turned towards the bay of the Argolid. From inside this gate a narrow corridor which leads to a smaller entrance, opened on the southern wall of the main space, a square room with sides about 7 m long.

This monument is built entirely from the grey limestone of the district with large blocks in a trapezoidal and partially polygonal system.

The Academy of Athens has published results of dating the Hellenikon pyramid (9-2-1995). Dating measurements were performed by the Laboratory of Archaeometry at Dimokritos Resarch Institute in Athens and by the Nuclear Dating Laboratory of the department of Physics at the University of Edinbourgh in Scotland. The method of Optical Thermoluminescence was employed to date samples taken from the pyramid. It was determined that the pyramid was erected at about 2720 B.C. It must be noted that, according to these results, the Hellenikon pyramid predates, by at least 100 years, the oldest Egyptian pyramid (Djoser - 2620 B.C.) and by 170 years the Great Pyramid of Cheops (Khufu - 2550 B.C.)

Some of the Hellenic Pyramids are at:

LIGURION EPIDAURUS
DALAMANARA EPIDAURUS
AMFION THEBES
KAMPIAS NEA EPIDAURUS
SIKION ARGUS
VIGLAFION LAKONIA
CHANIA CRETE
HERACLION CRETE
TAYGETOU LAKONIA

Tag: Pyramids In Greece